Lassa fever is a viral hemorrhagic illness endemic to parts of West Africa. Transmitted primarily by the multimammate rat (Mastomys natalensis), it can also spread between humans through direct contact with bodily fluids. Early recognition and treatment are critical to reduce serious complications and fatalities.

Signs & Symptoms
The incubation period ranges from 1 to 3 weeks. Early symptoms—fever, headache, sore throat, and general malaise—mimic common illnesses, making clinical vigilance essential. In severe cases, patients can develop facial swelling, bleeding, and organ failure.

Prevention Strategies

• Rodent Control: Store food in rat-proof containers, seal holes in walls and floors.
• Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after contact with rodents or potentially contaminated materials.
• Protective Gear: Healthcare workers should use gloves, masks, and gowns when caring for suspected cases.

Early Detection & Care
If you experience fever plus any of the above symptoms after visiting a high-risk area, seek medical attention immediately. ISTH offers rapid diagnostics and supportive care—antiviral treatment (ribavirin) is most effective when started early.

Takeaway: Timely rodent control, strict hygiene, and prompt clinical evaluation can curb Lassa fever outbreaks and save lives.